司法独立机制建设的人文基本综述

仪器采购调研报告

Jia Qinglin (R), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), arrives in Ljubljana, Slovenia, May 10, 2008. Slovenia is the third leg of Jia's current four-nation Europe tour. (Xinhua/Rao Aimin)    LJUBLJANA, May 10  -- China's top political advisor Jia Qinglin arrived in Ljubljana Saturday for an official goodwill visit to Slovenia.     During his visit to Slovenia, Jia, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), will meet with Slovenian President Danilo Turk, Prime Minister Janez Jansa and representatives from all walks of life in Slovenian society.     Slovenia is the third leg of Jia's current four-nation Europe tour, which has already taken him to Romania and Hungary, and which will also take him to Croatia.     In a written speech delivered at the airport, Jia said that the people of China and Slovenia cherish good feelings to each other though the two countries are far apart. Since the two countries established diplomatic relations in 1992, they have maintained regular exchange of visits by high-level officials and achieved rich results in cooperation in such fields as trade, economy and culture.     Jia expressed the belief that his visit to Slovenia will contribute to further enhancing understanding and friendship between the two peoples and push forward mutually beneficial cooperation between the two countries in all fields.Jia Qinglin (2nd R), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), arrives in Ljubljana, Slovenia, May 10, 2008. Slovenia is the third leg of Jia's current four-nation Europe tour.

BEIJING, Oct. 2 (Xinhua) -- Tropical storm Higos, the 17th this year, will drop heavy rain on parts of south China's Guangdong and Hainan provinces over the next two days, the National Meteorological Observatory said on Thursday.     The office advised everyone in those regions to prepare for therain, as well as lightning storms and gale-force winds.     Tourists in coastal cities of the island province of Hainan, such as Sanya and Bo'ao, have been advised to avoid offshore activities over the next three days.     Higos was centered about 700 km southeast of Zhuhai, Guangdong,as of 5 p.m. on Thursday, and it was moving north-west at 20 km per hour. Tourists stay at the beach in Haikou, capital of south China's Hainan Province, on Oct. 2, 2008. Tropical storm Higos, the 17th this year, is moving towards south China's island province of Hainan, the provincial meteorological station said on Thursday, affecting the ongoing National Day holidays.    The storm is gaining momentum as it nears eastern Hainan and the mid-west regions of Guangdong, according to the national observatory.     Higos, which formed on Tuesday in the Pacific Ocean, comes on the heels of storms Jangmi and Hagupit, which together killed some 20 people in China

TIANJIN, Sept. 27 (Xinhua) -- China has full confidence and capability to overcome various difficulties to ensure sound and fast economic growth for an even longer period of time, said Premier Wen Jiabao on Saturday.     Addressing the opening ceremony of the 2008 Summer Davos Forum in the north China port metropolis of Tianjin, Wen said China is in the stage of rapid industrialization and urbanization, and has huge potential for economic growth. The important period of strategic opportunities for China's development will last quite a long time.     Despite the heavy snow and sleet storms and the devastating earthquake and a complex situation both at home and abroad the nation faced, China have overcome difficulties one after another and maintained the momentum of steady economic growth.     "There are many favorable conditions for China to maintain sustained and fast growth, such as abundant supply of labor and capital as well as huge potential of increased domestic consumption and investment demands, vast market and more competitive and dynamic enterprises," said Wen.     The demands for investment, consumption and export are growing in a more balanced way. The economic fundamentals in China remain unchanged and the economy is moving in the direction envisaged in the macro-economic control policy, he added.     The two-day forum, also known as the New Champions 2008, has attracted about 1,400 participants from nearly 90 countries and regions, including business elite and senior officials, to discuss topics about the theme "The Next Wave of Growth". The second Annual Meeting of the New Champions organized by the World Economic Forum is officially opened at Tianjin Binhai Convention and Exhibition Center in north China's Tianjin Municipality, Sept. 27, 2008

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BEIJING, June 16 (Xinhua) -- Prevention of secondary disasters, such as landslides and mud-rock flows, amid rain storms and frequent aftershocks following the May 12 earthquake was an "urgent task", said the quake relief headquarters of China's State Council on Monday.     "New geological disasters can happen at any time due to the long-lasting aftershocks and much stronger precipitation as the country's rivers enter the flooding season," the headquarters warned after a meeting presided by Premier Wen Jiabao.     The quake zone and the rain-lashed southern regions are the focuses of the prevention work, according to the meeting.     Work must be sped up to remove the dangers of quake-formed lakes, quake-damaged dams and hydropower plants as well as dikes of major rivers, the headquarters said.     The headquarters urged local governments and related departments to strengthen monitoring and alarms of rains, floods and aftershocks, and told quake-hit regions to base their recovery plans on geological hazard assessment. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (C Back) presides over the 19th meeting of the quake relief headquarters of the State Council (Cabinet) in Beijing, capital of China, June 16, 2008. The meeting focused on the prevention of secondary disasters of quake    Up to 50,000 residents were asked last week to move from highly-dangerous terrain in Wenchuan, epicenter of the May 12 earthquake, to shelters built on open and solid ground before June30 to avoid secondary disasters.     As of Monday noon, 12,437 aftershocks had been detected since the 8.0-magnitude quake struck southwest Sichuan Province, official figures show.     By Sunday, at least 57 people had been killed and 1.27 million people relocated as rainstorms and floods ravaged nine provinces and region in south China.

BEIJING, Oct. 1 (Xinhua) -- China will give more efforts to strengthen quality supervision of dairy products in rural areas, said Chen Deming, the minister of commerce, on Wednesday.     "The Ministry of Commerce (MOC) always gives food product supervision in vast rural areas a priority, although it is not an easy job to carry out as in urban areas," said Chen.     Chen said the MOC has urged local authorities to take tangible measures to regulate and stabilize the dairy markets in such areas.     The local governments were asked to launch strict supervision and inspection over dairy products in rural shops, enterprises and wholesale markets. Tainted milk products should be removed from shelves in time.     "The MOC will continue to work together with local governmental organs to ensure a sound market order, and help farmers get more knowledge about dairy products," said Chen.     Meanwhile, Chen noted the country should adopt concrete measures to lift consumer's confidence. "The government should enhance inspection over product quality, while enterprises should take on more social responsibility."     China's food quality has been criticized recently, as 13,000 infants nationwide were hospitalized with kidney problems and at least three were killed after drinking baby formula tainted with melamine. The chemical, which was added illegally, makes the protein content of milk appear higher than it actually is.     After the Sanlu formula's problem exposure, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine conducted a nationwide examination of baby milk powder to find 22 companies whose formulas were tainted.

BEIJING, Aug. 8 -- China's consumer inflation may continue to decline in July, marking the second consecutive month this year that it has dropped, according to economists' estimates.    That may mean a departure from the rising spiral of inflation after it peaked at an annualized 8.7 percent in February. Lehman Brothers economist Sun Mingchun said his team's research found the July consumer price index (CPI), the main barometer of inflation, may drop to 6.7 percent year-on-year from 7.1 percent in June.     The domestic Bank of Communications research arm said the figure could fall at 6.4 percent, which is also the estimate of Southwest Securities. China's consumer inflation may continue to decline in July, marking the second consecutive month this year that it has dropped, according to economists' estimates.    One of the reasons why prices are stable is that there has been no flooding, a regular feature of the rainy seaon, said Sun of Lehman Brothers.     Daily price data from the Ministry of Agriculture and the National Development and Reform Commission show that agricultural product prices rose only slightly in July while meat prices fell. Weekly price data released by the Ministry of Commerce also showed a moderate decline in food prices.     The relatively high statistical base of last July also contributed to the drop in inflation this July, said Guo Tianyong, economist with the Central University of Finance and Economics.     China's CPI hit 5.6 percent year-on-year last July, the first time it reached the 5-percent level that year.     "If no major natural disaster hits China in August, CPI could fall below 6 percent in August, providing more room for the government to remove its price controls," said Sun.     Economists said that without many unexpected incidence, it will gradually ease to around 5 percent by the year-end.     A possible price liberalization of oil products, however, should not be a one-off adjustment, which will put a huge pressure on the country's battle against inflation, Guo said.     China raised the prices of oil products and electricity late June. Analysts said that once the inflation pressure eases, policymakers may start a second round of price liberalization, which may lead to a rebound in CPI.     If such liberalization moves are indeed made, they should be done in phases, not in one go, said Guo. Only that will ensure inflation does not peak again, as it did in February.     The pressure from the rising producer price index (PPI), which gauges ex-factory prices and influences CPI, may be a concern, but even taking into consideration its impact, consumer inflation may no longer exceed the February peak in the coming months and the first half of next year     "The worst times are behind us," said Dong Xianan, macroeconomic analyst with Southwest Securities.     "From the second half of last year, the tightenting stance had been obvious, which is a pre-emptive move to ensure the current easing of inflation."     Macroeconomic growth     The economic growth may gradually slow down in the rest of the year, analysts said, but the fine-tuning of policies would shore it up.     Dong from Southwest Securities forecasts that given the current growth momentum, the whole-year figure for GDP growth may be 10.1 percent, well below the 11.9 percent of last year. Other estimates are around the 10 percent mark.     The global economic slow-down, which reduces external demand for China's exports, will bring much trouble to China, but its domestic consumption and investment will remain stable, analysts said.     More importantly, the central authorities may adjust its tight policies to cater to individual demand of regions and sectors that have found it difficult to survive the tightened policies.

中国seo优化

BEIJING, May 11 -- China's monetary authorities are struggling to address conflicting policy goals, but inflation will remain the top policy concern, the country's central bank governor said on Saturday.     While the United States and other countries are more focused on fending off a recession, China's monetary policy must target inflation over growth and employment, Zhou Xiaochuan, the People's Bank of China governor, told a forum in Lujiazui, Shanghai's financial center.     "There is no cure-all medicine, and we have to make the final decisions -- everyone hopes there would be a cure-all solution, but there is not," said Zhou.     China's consumer price inflation would likely to rise to 8.5 percent in April from 8.3 percent in March, two sources familiar with the data said late on Thursday. The data, which is subject to last-minute revisions, will be officially released on Monday. Zhou Xiaochuan, governor of the People's Bank of China, addresses the Lujiazui Forum 2008 in Shanghai, east China, May 10, 2008. Heads of the People's Bank of China, the country's central bank, the Securities Regulatory Commission, the Banking Regulatory Commission and the Insurance Regulatory Commission all attended the two-day financial forum, opened on May 9. Lujiazui is the name of Shanghai's financial district.    Meanwhile, the government said on Friday that China's producer price index, or factory-gate inflation, hit a three-year high of 8.1 percent in April, showing a sustained build-up in pressures on consumer price inflation.     Zhou listed development of financial institutions and the imbalance in global money transfers as other issues that China's monetary policy may have to target.     He said China needs to reduce the savings ratio as the fundamental way to address its over-reliance on trade, which now accounts for more than 60 percent of its annual GDP, but he did not elaborate on possible specific measures.     On other issues, Zhou said Beijing has yet to reach a consensus over how to develop a properly functioning domestic bond market.     Disputes remain about market infrastructure, the regulatory framework as well as laws and regulations, Zhou said.

BEIJING, Aug. 24 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao on Sunday held a banquet at the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in west Beijing to welcome foreign leaders and international dignitaries who will attend the Olympic Games closing ceremony in the evening.     Hu said in a toast that the Beijing Olympic Games have promoted the Olympic spirit of solidarity, friendship and peace.     "The success of the Beijing Olympic Games is attributable to the concerted efforts of the Chinese people and people from the rest of the world," said Hu. Chinese President Hu Jintao (C) talks with King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (2nd L) prior to a banquet at the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing, China, Aug. 24, 2008. Chinese President Hu Jintao held a banquet Sunday to welcome foreign leaders and international dignitaries who will attend the Olympic Games closing ceremony in the evening"The glory goes to the Olympic Family, to athletes who have competed hard, to volunteers from different parts of the world and to friends the world over who have been involved in the Beijing Olympic Games in various ways," Hu said.     Calling the past 16 days "a wonderful and exciting time together," the Chinese leader said that the hosting of the Beijing Olympics will give a boost to the further development of sports in China, promote more extensive exchanges and cooperation between China and the International Olympic Family, and further enhance the mutual understanding and friendship between the Chinese people and people of all other countries.     The Beijing Olympic Games have become "a grand event of international sports competition and cultural exchanges" witnessed and joined by people of the whole world, said Hu.     Since the opening of the Beijing Games, friends from all parts of the world have come together in the Chinese capital to experience the charm of the International Olympic Movement, said the president.     "The Chinese people have greeted all the guests with great enthusiasm and shared with people from across the world the joy and happiness," he added.     He expressed sincere thanks to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the Olympic Family for their support and assistance, and extended heartfelt congratulations to the athletes from various countries and regions on their outstanding performances at the Beijing Games.     The president also pledged that China would work hard to guarantee the success of the Paralympic Games, scheduled to open in Beijing in early September.     "With the goal of 'Two Games, Equal Splendor,' we will deliver a high-standard Paralympic Games with distinctive features and continue to contribute our part to the development of the International Olympic Movement," he said.     He expressed the confidence that through the concerted efforts of people all over the world, the Olympic spirit will be carried forward and mankind will enjoy an even better future.     "We all look forward to the reunion in London in four years' time!" he told the guests.     Among the guests were IOC President Jacques Rogge and Honorary President Juan Antonio Samaranch, as well as leaders and dignitaries from more than 20 countries and regions.

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FUZHOU, July 27 (Xinhua) -- A total of 274,300 people had been evacuated by Sunday afternoon in southeast China's Fujian Province as a strong typhoon was approaching, said the provincial flood control headquarters.     About 52,301 fishing boats had also returned to harbor as of 6:00 p.m. on Sunday. Disaster relief personnel had been helping people on fishing vessels get on shore, said Yang Zhiying, head of the flood control headquarters in Fujian.     Typhoon Fung Wong, the eighth tropical storm of this year, turned into a strong typhoon at 8:00 p.m. Its eye was monitored at the sea about 210 kilometers to the east of Taitung County in Taiwan, according to the provincial observatory.     It moved westward and was forecast to land Taiwan on Sunday night or Monday morning. Frontier guards fasten a vessel at a harbor in Fuzhou, capital of southeast China's Fujian Province, July 27, 2008. The intensifying Typhoon Fung Wong was forecasted to land in Fujian on Monday evening or Tuesday morning. The Fujian provincial flood control headquarters has demanded all vessels to return to harbor on Sunday. Disaster relief personnel have been sent to help women and children on fishing vessels get onshore.The observatory monitored that the typhoon would make another landfall in Fujian on Monday night or Tuesday morning, sweeping the province before moving up inland to east Jiangxi Province.     Influenced by Typhoon Fung Wong, Fujian was hit by winds up to force 8 to 11 in the morning. Its observatory forecast that rainstorm would continue on Monday in the province, which sits on the west of the Taiwan Straits.     From Monday night to Tuesday, winds are expected to reach force7 to 9 in the coastal cities of Fujian. Rainstorms or torrential rainstorms are forecast in the cities of Ningde, Fuzhou, Putian and Quanzhou.     "The continuous heavy rain is likely to trigger flood or other secondary disasters," Yang said.

JEDDAH, Saudi Arabia, June 22 (Xinhua) -- China will stick to the a sustainable energy strategy and make active contributions to the sustainable energy development and energy security in the world, Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping said on Sunday.     China will put emphasis on both energy exploitation and conservation with priority given to economizing on energy consumption, Xi said at the ongoing International Energy Conference held in the western Saudi port city of Jeddah. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping addresses the the international energy meeting held in Jeddah, Aaudi Arabia on SundayChina has drafted a plan to reduce the energy consumption in per unit gross domestic product by about 20 percent by 2010 from the 2005 level, Xi said.     "We'll take all possible measures to achieve the goal," he told the one-day meeting.     China will try to meet the demands for economic growth and the improvement of people's life by increasing domestic energy supply, Xi said.     China still has great potential for domestic energy supply, as the country has abundant reserves in coal, the major source for its energy. Its rich hydroelectric resources, plus other new energies such as nuclear energy, wind energy, are yet to be fully exploited, he added.     China will pursue diversified development of energy supplies, Xi said.     Various energy forms such as coal, oil and gas, hydroelectricity, wind electricity and solar energy will supplement each other to secure a stable energy supply, he said.     Technological progress and innovation in the energy field will be encouraged in China, said the vice president.     China will enhance its ability of innovation, break through the bottlenecks of energy technology and seek new ways to exploit energy resources, he said.     China will strive to build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society by ensuring the coordinated development of energy production and environmental protection, he said.     China will also adhere to the principle of mutual benefit in the energy field and strengthen cooperation with energy producing and consuming nations, he added.