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BEIJING, Jan. 8 (Xinhua) -- China has called on state enterprises and academic institutions to step up efforts to attract more leading Chinese scientists studying overseas, a move that would enable the country to stay globally competitive.     According to a guideline issued by the General Office of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, high-quality Chinese talent in foreign countries, especially those at the frontier fields of science and technology, is needed for China to embrace global competition and forge ahead with its opening up.     Priority should be given to the recruitment of leading scientists who are able to make breakthroughs in key technologies, develop high-tech industries and lead new discipline areas, said the guideline.     It urged key laboratories, state-owned commercial and financial institutions, high-tech zones, and higher institutions to create favorable conditions to attract more overseas Chinese experts to serve their motherland.     Efforts should be made to make sure they are well-treated, have good career prospects and enjoy convenient service, the guideline stated.     "(We should) further emancipate our mind, break away out-of-date rules and regulations, improve relevant policies, and fully understand, trust and use them." it said.     Chinese scientists who have studied abroad have long played a crucial role in developing the country's industry, education and national defense programs. Among them were Qian Xuesen, China's father of space technology, Li Siguang, founder of China's geomechanics and Deng Jiaxian, nuclear physics expert.     An official with the Organizational Department of the CPC Central Committee has said that a large portion of scientists from the country's two top academies studied abroad.     More than 80 percent of the academicians from the Chinese Academy of Sciences have studied abroad. The figure for the Chinese Academy of Engineering is 54 percent.

BEIJING, Dec. 27 (Xinhua) -- "Our confidence to face the global financial crisis should rely on science, knowledge and talented people," Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said Saturday.     He made the remark during a visit to Beijing-based Zhongguancun Science Park, known as China's Silicon Valley.     "I'm here to consult you on how to let science and technology play a good role for us to not only handle the current difficulties but lay a foundation for long-run development," said the premier. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao takes group photos with UFIDA Software staff during his visit to Beijing-based Zhongguancun Science Park, known as China's Silicon Valley, Dec. 27, 2008.     Wen visited a number of high-tech companies and met with scientists and officials, in the company of Beijing's Communist Party chief Liu Qi and Beijing Mayor Guo Jinlong.     The government has launched a series of measures to deal with the current global financial crisis. They gave greater importance to the power of knowledge, science and technology which have far-reaching effects, Wen said.     "In front of the crisis, everybody should stand up and be brave to take his responsibility," Wen emphasized.     He urged scientists to help domestic enterprises resolve difficulties, improve management, develop new products and create new technology.     The science park is celebrating the 20th anniversary of its founding this year.

BEIJING, Jan. 1 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao and his U.S. counterpart George W. Bush exchanged congratulatory messages Thursday to mark the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between their two countries. Chinese President Hu Jintao(R) meets with U.S. President George W. Bush in Lima, capital of Peru, Nov. 21, 2008.    The establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States 30 years ago "is a milestone that marked a new chapter in the history of our relations and had a significant and profound impact on the international situation and the world's landscape," Hu said in his congratulatory message.     "For 30 years, thanks to the concerted efforts of generations of Chinese and American leaders and people of vision from all walks of life, we have made historic achievements in growing these relations," the Chinese president said.     "Our two countries have fruitful exchanges and cooperation in a wide range of areas. Our two peoples are increasing mutual understanding and friendship day by day. The strategic significance and global implications of China-U.S. relations have become all the more evident," Hu said.     "These facts have proven that the establishment and development of normal state-to-state relations between China and the United States serves the fundamental interests of our two peoples and go along with the trend of the times. They have not only delivered enormous benefits to our two peoples, but have also greatly contributed to peace, stability and development of Asia and the world at large," Hu said.     The world is now undergoing complex and profound changes, Hu said, adding under the new circumstances and in the face of new opportunities and challenges, China stands ready to work with the United States to build on past achievements, sum up and draw on experience in the development of China-U.S. relations, follow the principles of the three Sino-U.S. joint communiques, and remain committed to the development of a constructive and cooperative relationship.     China is willing to further strengthen dialogue and exchanges with the United States on the basis of mutual respect, equality, mutual benefit and win-win cooperation, enhance mutual trust and cooperation, and continuously expand the basis for cooperation and common interests between the two countries so as "to promote sound, stable and in-depth growth of our constructive and cooperative relationship", Hu said.     In his congratulatory message, President Bush said the decision by the two governments to open formal ties 30 years ago "transcended profound differences in our nations' histories, cultures, and political systems and bridged a seemingly impossible divide."     "The peoples of the United States and China have come to know each other well over the last 30 years. Together, we have built bridges between our two nations in every conceivable field – from commerce and trade to education, science, sports, and the arts," Bush said.     "Over the last eight years, the relationship between our two governments has become more constructive and cooperative, and we have made progress in addressing global challenges such as terrorism, pandemic disease, and the proliferation of nuclear weapons. We have worked as global leaders to promote open markets as the best way to foster economic dynamism and development," he said.     He hoped that over the coming 30 years "our governments will build on this foundation of goodwill and work constructively together to advance the causes of peace, stability, and development."     Bush expressed his confidence that working with common purpose and determination, China and the United States can successfully address global challenges to ensure that "our children inherit a truly better and safer world."

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BEIJING, Jan. 17 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States had signed a memorandum of understanding restricting the U.S. import of archeological items originating in China, a Chinese official said Saturday.     The memorandum was signed in Washington on Thursday by Chinese Ambassador Zhou Wenzhong and U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Education and Cultural Affairs Goli Ameri, said Dong Baohua, deputy director of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH), at a press conference.     The agreement's full name is Memorandum of Understanding Concerning the Imposition of Import Restrictions on Categories of Archeological Material from the Paleolithic Period through the Tang Dynasty and Monumental Sculpture and Wall Art At Least 250 Years Old.     Under the memorandum and U.S. legislation entitled the Convention on Cultural Property Implementation Act, the U.S. government shall restrict the importation into the United States of archeological material originating in China and representing China's cultural heritage from the Paleolithic Period through the end of the Tang Dynasty, the year 907, and monumental sculpture and wall art at least 250 years old.     The U.S. government will promulgate a list of archeological material categories of metals, ceramic, stone, textile, other organic material, glass and paintings, which will be restricted to import from China, unless the Chinese government issues a license or other documentation which certifies that such exportation is not in violation of its laws, the memorandum says.     For the purpose of this memorandum, the restricted Paleolithic objects date from approximately 75,000 B.C., according to the memorandum.     China and the United States are both States Party of the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property. The convention was adopted by the UNESCO in 1970.     For years, the Chinese government has attached importance to cracking down on the stealing, illegal digging, and smuggling of cultural relics and tried to cooperate with the international community in the crackdown, by participating in internationals conventions and signing bilateral and multilateral agreements on the issue.     In addition to the newly-signed Sino-U.S. memorandum, China has signed similar agreements with Peru, India, Italy, the Philippines, Greece, Chile, Cyprus, and Venezuela, according to the official.

BEIJING, Dec. 1 (Xinhua) -- Six Chinese infants might have died from consuming melamine-tainted milk powder, the country's Ministry of Health (MOH) said here on Monday.     Experts with the MOH and provincial health departments had looked into 11 infant death cases since September across the country, and had ruled out connection to the tainted milk powder in five cases, the ministry said on its website.     They could not, however, rule out such possibility in the rest six cases, it said.     Four of the six cases occured in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Guizhou and Shaanxi Provinces respectively, while the rest two cases occurred in the northwestern province of Gansu.     It did not give any further details.     Previous reports said three babies, including two in Gansu Province and one in Zhejiang Province, had already been confirmed by the ministry to have died from consuming the tainted milk from May to August.     The ministry did not make it clear whether the three confirmed cases were included in the six undecided case.     Meanwhile, 861 infants were still receiving treatment for kidney problems caused by tainted milk powder by last Thursday, the ministry said.     The figure dropped by about 200 from the previous week, when the number of hospitalized infants stood at 1,041.     All together 294,000 infants were found to have suffered from diseases of urinary systems in the ministry's nationwide screening, it said.     Among them, 154 had been in serious conditions, but were all stable by Monday. A total of 51,900 children had been hospitalized and 51,039 had recovered and left the hospital.     Most of the sick children were found to have only sand-like stones in their urinary systems.

BEIJING, Jan.24 (Xinhua) -- China's top economic planner said Saturday it would raise the minimum state purchasing prices for rice in major rice-producing areas by as much as 16.9 percent this year.     The move was aimed at protecting farmers' interests, keeping grain prices stable and boosting grain output as grain growers had experienced higher costs since last year, according to the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC).     The state purchasing prices for japonica rice will rise 15.9 percent to 1900 yuan (280 U.S. dollars) per ton this year, according to the NDRC.     In addition, prices for early and late indica rice will be 16.9percent and 16.5 percent higher respectively to 1800 yuan and 1840yuan per ton.     It was the biggest increase in grain purchasing prices since 2004, said Ding Jie, an official with the NDRC's price department.     In 2004, China started the practice of buying grains from farmers at a state-set minimum price when market prices drop below the protective price level in order to encourage grain production.     Saturday's announcement came before Chinese farmers kick off the spring planting season, as the government tried to prevent the grain growers' enthusiasm from being eroded by higher costs of fertilizers and other production materials.     Statistics from the Ministry of Agriculture show December fertilizer prices, except urea, rose more than 20 percent from a year earlier. Diesel for farm use was 5.8 percent higher year-on-year.     The NDRC already hiked the minimum purchasing price for wheat by as much as 15.3 percent starting this year. It raised the purchasing prices for wheat and rice twice last year.     With a population of more than 1.3 billion, China relies mainly on domestic production for food and targets grain output of more than 540 million tons by 2020.     China's grain output rose 5.4 percent year-on-year to a record 528.5 million tons in 2008, official data show.     State-owned enterprises purchased 170 million tons of grains from farmers in 2008, said Nie Zhenbang, director of the State Administration of Grain, earlier this month.     That move, together with higher purchasing prices, resulted in a revenue increase of more than 50 billion yuan (7.4 billion U.S. dollars) for the whole country's farmers, said Nie.

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BEIJING, Jan. 7 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang urged more efficient and transparent use of government funds as the country faces rising fiscal expenditures while tackling the global financial crisis.     China should strengthen management and scrutiny of the fiscal budget and should reduce administrative expenses as the country faces relatively high fiscal pressure, Li said at a national fiscal conference on Tuesday.     The government must "firmly oppose extravagance and waste", he said.     China will have "a difficult fiscal year" in 2009 because of lower tax revenues and surging expenditures, Finance Minister Xie Xuren said on Monday.     China's 2008 fiscal revenue is expected to rise 19 percent to exceed 6 trillion yuan (about 857 billion U.S. dollars), said Xie.     That growth was slower than the 32.4-percent annual gain made in 2007.     The country's fiscal revenue increase started to slow down in the second half of 2008, said Xie. He attributed that change to economic deceleration, corporate profit decline and tax cuts made to boost growth.     China decided to carry out an "active fiscal policy" and "a moderately easy monetary policy" in 2009. It has unveiled a four trillion-yuan fiscal package to stimulate domestic demand.

SHIJIAZHUANG, Dec. 31 (Xinhua) -- The trial at a court here in Hebei Province of four executives of the Sanlu Group, the major dairy at the center of China's tainted milk scandal, ended without an immediate verdict at 10:10 p.m. on Wednesday.     The trial opened at 8 a.m.     Prosecutors accused Tian Wenhua, Sanlu's former board chairwoman and general manager, and three other executives of producing and selling fake or sub-standard products.     Sanlu Group Co., Ltd., represented by its trade union chairman Ran Weiguang, was also a defendant.     The three other executives are former deputy general managers Wang Yuliang and Hang Zhiqi, and Wu Jusheng, a former executive in charge of the milk procurement division.     All four defendants were arrested on Sept. 26.     At the end of the trial, Ran, on behalf of Sanlu, offered apologies to children sickened by the tainted milk and their families.     The verdict will be announced at an unspecified future date.

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BEIJING, Oct. 30 (Xinhua) -- China will adopt preferential fiscal and investment policies to boost economic development and trade in border areas, said the Ministry of Finance (MOF) on Thursday.     As of Nov. 1, residents who live in the border will be exempted from taxation of the daily necessities such as food and cloth costing in total no more than 8,000 yuan (1,171.3 U.S. dollars) per individual in one day.     Fiscal departments at all levels of government will allocate funds to support enterprises that engage in small-amount trade in border areas as of Nov. 1. But the MOF didn't reveal how much money would be allocated.     The amount of the fund is expected to increase every year, and no limitation was set on the period, said the MOF

WASHINGTON, Nov. 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao arrived in Washington Friday for a summit to discuss issues concerning financial markets and the global economy.     President Hu, and other leaders from the Group of Twenty (G20) members, have been invited by U.S. President George W. Bush to Saturday's meeting, the first in a series of summits to mitigate what economists predict could be a long and deep downturn.     Later in the evening, the Chinese president is expected to attend a dinner hosted by Bush for all the leaders.     "The leaders will review progress being made to address the current financial crisis, advance a common understanding of its causes, and, in order to avoid a repetition, agree on a common set of principles for reform of the regulatory and institutional regimes for the world's financial sectors," said White House spokeswoman Dana Perino last month in making the announcement of the summit.     At a press briefing last week, Chinese Vice Foreign Minister He Yafei said that China expects to build a fair, inclusive and efficient international financial system.     "We hope to consult with other participants to reform the international financial system and finally try to establish a fair, inclusive and efficient system," He said.     He said that China would take an active part in the summit-related activities in a constructive attitude, work together with all the parties for the achievement of pragmatic outcome, and impel the international community to tackle the financial crisis in a timely, comprehensive and effective manner.     The members of the G20 include Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Britain, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, the United States, and the European Union.     The managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF),the president of the World Bank, the secretary-general of the United Nations and the chairman of the Financial Stability Forum have also been invited to the Washington summit.     Washington is the first leg of President Hu's five-nation trip. He will later pay state visits to Costa Rica, Cuba, Peru and Greece. During his stay in Peru, he will attend the Economic Leaders' Informal Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC) forum in Lima.