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BEIJING, Oct. 26 -- Delegations from more than 84 countries and regions will participate the ITD conference Monday, and a host of international experts from governments, the private sector and academia will make presentations and lead discussions on this important topic.     The ITD is a cooperative venture formed in 2002 and comprised of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, the European Commission and the UK Department for International Development.     Its purpose is to foster dialogue on important topics in tax policy and administration and to function as a disseminator and repository of information on matters of interest in taxation around the world, through its website, www.itdweb.org.     The IMF attaches great importance to its role as a founding member of the ITD. Recent events in the world economy have made even clearer the necessity of international cooperation and sharing experience in economic matters, and this is the very purpose, which the ITD serves.     The topic of this conference is a timely and critical one. The world has been reminded recently and forcefully of the great importance of the financial sector for macroeconomic stability, growth, and development goals. The sector plays a critical intermediating function - without it credit could not exist, capital could not be channeled to useful purposes and risks could not be managed.     The conference will take place against the background of the worst financial and economic crisis to strike the world in three generations, and, while taxation was not itself the cause of the crisis, elements of the tax system are relevant to its background and resolution.     Most tax systems embody incentives for corporations, financial institutions and in some cases individuals to use debt rather than equity finance.     This is likely to have contributed to the crisis by leading to higher levels of debt than would otherwise have existed - even though there were no obvious tax changes that would explain rapid increases in debt. Tax distortions may also have encouraged the development of complex and opaque financial instruments and structures, including through extensive use of low-tax jurisdictions - which in turn contributed to the difficulty of identifying true levels of risk.     The magnitude of the fiscal challenges facing the world economy is greater than at any other time since World War II.     Estimates done by IMF staff on the fiscal adjustment necessary to bring government debt-to-GDP ratios down to 60 percent by 2030 - over 20 years hence - show a gap in the cyclically adjusted primary balances of some 8 percentage points of GDP in advanced economies to be closed between 2010 and 2020.     This cannot all be accomplished by expenditure reduction. New, or increased, sources of revenue will need to be found, on average perhaps 3 percentage points of GDP. While improvements in compliance and administration could account for some of that gap, it will be necessary to adjust tax policies to a degree not hitherto seen on a wide scale.     Although the world economy remains weak with downside risks and much hardship remain, signs of improvement are thankfully now visible.     This is an opportune juncture, therefore, to begin the work of planning countries' exits from the deteriorated fiscal positions developed in response to the crisis, and to give thought to questions raised by the performance of the financial sector in triggering the crisis.     What role can better tax policies and administration play in preventing a recurrence of this costly episode in economic history?     The financial sector has been, and must continue to be, a critical link in the development of the world's economies. The sector has played a key role in accelerating the development of the emerging markets - many of which, prior to this most recent episode, had grown able to tap the world's financial resources at an increasing rate unparalleled in history.     And for the world's most vulnerable economies, continued financial deepening will be absolutely necessary to permit them to meet their development goals. The upcoming conference will consider the role of taxation in both the industrial and developing countries with respect to these goals.     The conference will address not only the role of the financial sector as a source of revenue itself, and its broader role in the development and growth of the world economy, but also its function in assisting in administration of the tax system-through information reporting, collection of tax payments, and withholding.     This latter role will become ever more important with growing international cooperation in fighting tax evasion and avoidance.     Finally, we must not lose sight of the main function of the tax system - to raise revenue in an economically efficient, non-distortionary, and administratively feasible manner.     Even fully recognizing the existence of both market failures and policy-induced vulnerabilities, including those that contributed to this crisis, it is important to avoid accidentally introducing distortions through the tax system that may prove worse than the evils they are intended to remedy.     "Neutrality" of taxation of the financial sector in this sense is a benchmark against which deviations from this objective may be measured and judged.     One must ask whether any proposed interventions are targeted at a recognized externality or existing distortion, and, if so, whether the proposed action is the most appropriate response. And the multilateral institutions, in particular, must look to the effects which the financial sector and its taxation may have not only on the world's highly developed economies-those with the greatest depth of financial intermediation-but at the effects, direct and indirect, on the world's developing nations.     International cooperation on these matters will be critical to making improvements that will benefit all of us. This week's important event, hosted by the Chinese government and organized by the ITD, is itself a model in this regard.

BEIJING, Dec. 1 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao on Monday called for more peace efforts from Israel and Palestinians toward a two-state solution.     Wen made the appeal on the occasion of the International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People.     In a congratulatory message to this year's UN activities to observe this day, Wen said the Palestinian issue is at the core of the Middle East issue.     "China firmly supports the demands of Palestinian people for the restoration of their legitimate national rights and for the establishment of an independent state," said Wen.     The Middle East Peace process is at a crossroads. China hopes that Israel and Palestinians could guide the peace talks toward a desired direction and work for a two-state solution in accordance with relevant UN resolutions and the "land-for-peace" principle, he said.     An early resolution of the Palestinian issue in a comprehensive, just and permanent manner is not only beneficial to the Palestinian people, but also conducive to peace and stability in the whole Middle East region, said Wen.     As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, said Wen, China remains committed to the Mideast peace process and is willing to play a constructive role, together with the international community, in promoting peace, stability and development in the Middle East.

BEIJING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- The United States and China, the world's first and third largest economies, have pledged to rebalance each other's economy and move in tandem on forward-looking monetary polices for a strong and durable global economic recovery, according to a China-U.S. joint statement released here on Tuesday.     The statement, issued after talks between Chinese President Hu Jintao and his U.S. counterpart Barack Obama, has climaxed the latter's first China trip since he took office in January.     "China will continue to implement the policies to adjust economic structure, raise household incomes, expand domestic demand to increase contribution of consumption to GDP growth and reform its social security system," said the statement.     The United States, in return, will take measures to increase national saving as a share of GDP and promote sustainable non-inflationary growth.     "To achieve this, the United States is committed to returning the federal budget deficit to a sustainable path and pursuing measures to encourage private saving," it said.     President Obama made it clear at an earlier press conference Tuesday afternoon that the rebalancing strategy would require America to save more, reduce consumption and reduce long-term debts.     The statement also said that both sides will pursue forward-looking monetary policies and have "due" regard for the ramifications of those policies for the international economy.     The two also agreed to expedite negotiation on a bilateral investment treaty, and work proactively to resolve bilateral trade and investment disputes in a constructive, cooperative and mutually beneficial manner.     Recognizing the importance of open trade and investment to their domestic and the global economies, the two are committed to jointly fight protectionism in all its manifestations.     "We both agreed to properly handle trade frictions between the two countries through negotiations on an equal basis, and to make concerted efforts to boost bilateral trade and economic ties in a healthy and steady way," said President Hu.     "I stressed to President Obama that under the current situation, both China and the United States should oppose and reject protectionism in all forms in an even stronger stand," he said.     The two sides also reiterated that they would continue to strengthen dialogue and cooperation on macro-economic policies and pledged to honor all commitments made at the first round of the Sino-U.S. Strategic and Economic Dialogue last July, the Group of 20 summits, and the recently concluded APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting in Singapore.     The statement said that both sides commended the important role of the three G20 summits in tackling the global financial crisis, and were committed to work with other members of the G20 to enhance the G20's effectiveness as the premier forum for international economic cooperation.     China and the United States also agreed to work through a cooperative process on mutual assessment to make the G20 Framework for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced Growth a success.     The statement said that both sides welcomed recent agreements by the G20 to ensure that the International Financial Institutions (IFIs) have sufficient resources and to reform their governance structures.     "The two sides stressed the need to follow through on the quantified targets for the reform of quota and voting shares of IFIs as soon as possible, increasing the voice and representation of emerging markets and developing countries in these institutions consistent with the Pittsburgh Summit Leaders Statement," it said.

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CHENGDU, Jan. 4 (Xinhua) -- A senior Chinese official has urged designated provinces and municipalities to contribute more to the reconstruction work in quake-hit areas in the southwestern Sichuan Province.     Zhou Yongkang, a Standing Committee member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, made the remarks during an inspection to Sichuan on Jan. 2-4. Zhou Yongkang (L Front), a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, visits students at Shuimo High School in Wenchuan County, southwest China's Sichuan Province, Jan. 4, 2010. Zhou Yongkang made an inspection tour in Sichuan Province on Jan. 2-4.    After the Wenchuan earthquake, the central government issued a policy designating each of the 18 provinces and municipalities, including Shandong, Guangdong, Beijing and Shanghai, to help rebuild one hard-hit county in Sichuan. Zhou Yongkang (3rd L), a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, talks with residents at Qianjin Village in Anxian County, southwest China's Sichuan Province, Jan. 3, 2010. Zhou Yongkang made an inspection tour in Sichuan Province on Jan. 2-4. "After the quake, all designated provinces and municipalities moved quickly to send money and personnel for the reconstruction of infrastructure and projects concerning local people's livelihood. They have made significant contribution," Zhou said.     Zhou visited officials and workers from the eastern Shandong Province, who were there to help with the reconstruction at the new seat of Beichuan County, and urged them to build a new county with ethnic characteristics and modern elements.     While visiting Yingxiu Town in the Wenchuan County, Zhou told local officials to focus on the livelihood of local residents during reconstruction.     The quake on May 12 in 2008, measuring 8.0 on the Richter Scale and up to 11 in terms of intensity, left nearly 80,000 people dead or missing and millions homeless.

BEIJING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao said here on Tuesday that both China and the United States appreciated the major role of the G20 summit in coping with the global financial crisis.     Speaking to the press after talks with visiting U.S. President Barack Obama, Hu said he and Obama spoke highly of the significant roles played by the G20 summit.     "China and the United States would work together with all other members to fully carry out the commitments of all G20 summits and continuously strengthen the role of G20 in the management of the global economy, while pushing forward the international financial system reform and increasing the voices of developing countries on the global financial arena by ensuring that they are better represented," Hu said.

BEIJING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- Jia Qinglin, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), on Tuesday urged political advisors to contribute their wisdom to China's social and economic development.     Political advisors should watch closely the domestic and international economic situations and problems that China had in the process of development and put forward wise and pragmatic solutions, Jia said.     He urged political advisors at all levels to carry out in-depth study on the key issues including macro-economic policy, environmental protection, public resource distribution and reform of the income system.     Jia made the remarks at a chairman's meeting of the CPPCC National Committee.

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MANILA, Nov. 19 (Xinhua) -- China's top political adviser, Jia Qinglin, and Philippines Senate President Juan Ponce Enrile pledged to boost cooperation between the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and the Philippine Senate when they met here Thursday.     Jia, chairman of the CPPCC National Committee, said China-Philipines ties had witnessed healthy development since the two countries established diplomatic ties in 1975.     "China and the Philippines share broad common interests," Jia said, highlighting the enhanced mutual political trust, booming economic and trade ties, frequent humanitarian and cultural exchanges and close coordination on international and regional issues. Jia Qinglin (R Front), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, meets with Juan Ponce Enrile, president of the Philippine Senate, in Manila on Nov. 19, 2009. Jia Qinglin arrived in Manila on Nov. 19 for a two-day official goodwill visit to the Philippines    China appreciated the Philippine parliament's firm adherence to the one-China policy on the Taiwan issue, Jia noted.     He said China and the Philippines could further cooperate in fighting the global economic crisis and China would like to enhance cooperation with the Philippines in such sectors as trade, two-way investment, tourism, education and culture with the principle of equality and mutual benefit, he said.     Jia spoke highly of the close contact and exchange between the CPPCC and the Philippines Senate, pledging to step up exchanges and learn from each other to promote the social development of the two countries.     Enrile said the Philippines enjoyed great benefits from the friendly and cooperative ties with China.     He appreciated China's aid to the typhoon-hit areas of the Philippines and vowed to unswervingly stick to the one-China policy.     After their talks, Jia and Enrile witnessed the signing of several agreements on economic, education and disaster relief cooperation.     Jia arrived in Malina Thursday afternoon for a two-day official visit as guest of Enrile. He will also visit Peru, Ecuador and Brazil.

BEIJING, Dec. 1 (Xinhua) -- The Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) of China's manufacturing sector stood at 55.2 percent in November, unchanged from the previous month, the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing (CFLP) said on Tuesday.     It was the ninth straight month that the PMI reading stayed above 50.     A reading of above 50 suggests expansion, while one below 50 indicates contraction. The PMI includes a package of indices that measure economic performance.     In November, new order index and output index both held steady from figures in the previous month at 58.4 percent and 59.4 percent, respectively.     New export order index was 53.6 percent, down by 0.9 percentage points compared to November while purchasing price index rose by 6.5 percentage points to 63.4 percent.     Only three out of the 20 surveyed sectors reported a PMI index reading below 50, which were paper making and printing, oil processing, and beverages making.    

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BEIJING, Dec. 25 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping on Friday called for continued efforts to further study and practice the Scientific Outlook on Development.     Xi made the remarks at a meeting on further studying and practicing the Scientific Outlook on Development, which emphasizes the well-being of people and comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development.     The CPC launched an 18-month campaign to study and implement the outlook in September last year.     The campaign had so far yielded positive results, Xi said.     The Vice President urged relevant authorities to focus on improving social harmony and stability as well as party building at grassroots levels.     They should also focus on speeding up the transformation of the country's economic development mode, and should make meticulous plans for next year's work, in order to push forward reforms and development and maintain stability, he said.

BEIJING, Oct. 29 (Xinhua) -- Sino-U.S. ties have been warmed up for U.S. President Barack Obama's upcoming China visit by frequent contacts between high-level officials from both sides, Chinese experts said Thursday.     The 20th meeting of China-U.S. Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade (JCCT) was officially convened on Thursday morning in China's eastern city of Hangzhou.     This year's JCCT talks, highlighted by U.S. Commerce Secretary Gary Locke, Trade Representative Ron Kirk and Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, were widely seen as part of preparations for the presidential summit next month.     "Today's JCCT meeting laid a solid groundwork and made full preparations for President Obama's visit in two weeks, which will help build the positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-U.S. relations toward the 21st century," China's Minister of Commerce Chen Deming said at the end of talks.     In the meantime, Xu Caihou, vice chairman of China's Central Military Commission, was paying his first visit to the United States under the Obama administration.     During his talks with U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, Xu and Gates explored ways to further military-to-military cooperation and reached agreement on seven points, which included Gates' visit to China in 2010 and mutual visits of warships.     The agreement on conducting joint maritime searches and rescue exercises has already had the embryonic form of crisis management mechanism, said Ding Xinghao, president of the Shanghai Association of American Studies.     During the 11-day visit, the Chinese general was also invited to visit some sensitive military sites, including the Strategic Command Headquarter, which was in charge of nuclear weapons and cyber war.     Xu's visits to the sensitive military sites showed the U.S. military's willingness to promote mutual trust with the Chinese military, said Fu Mengzi, a researcher with the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations.     Since the Obama administration took office, Sino-U.S. relations have witnessed a smooth transition and maintained a good momentum of development.     In June 2009, the defense ministries of China and the United States held the 10th defense consultation. In July, the two countries held their first round strategic and economic dialogue. In August, the two militaries held the maritime military security consultation.     In addition, Obama issued a "presidential determination" On Sept. 29 that shifted authority for approving sales to China of missile and space technology from the White House to the Commerce Department, a move viewed by experts as Washington's delivery of goodwill to Beijing.     It was also noteworthy that U.S. Deputy Secretary of State James B. Steinberg proposed a new term to describe U.S.-China relations in his keynote address entitled "Administration's Vision of the U.S.-China Relationship" at the Center for a New American Security in Washington on Sept. 24.     "Strategic reassurance", as Steinberg noted, means that "just as we and our allies must make clear that we are prepared to welcome China's 'arrival'...China must reassure the rest of the world that its development and growing global role will not come at the expense of security and well-being of others."     This term captured the crux of Sino-U.S. ties, said Niu Xinchun, vice director of the Center for American Studies at the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations. "It is aimed at realizing the strategic mutual trust between the two countries."     The foundation for the sustained and stable development of bilateral ties lies in mutual trust, he said, but trade frictions between the two nations show that mutual trust still needs to be strengthened.     Obama announced in September to impose 35 percent punitive tariffs on all car and light truck tires from China for three years.     Just on Tuesday, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced preliminary determination that intended to impose a tariff up to 12 percent on the steel grafting and steel strand imported from China, valued 269 million U.S. dollars.     In addition, China and the United States still have differences on some issues concerning China's core interests, such as U.S. arms sales to Taiwan and Tibet-related issues.     Although both sides have the willingness to enhance mutual trust, it is still difficult for them to fulfill the goal, said Fu Mengzi, adding it needs sustained efforts from both sides.     "Sino-U.S. relations are now standing at a new historical starting point," said Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan at the opening ceremony of the 20th JCCT meeting. "President Obama's first China visit will surely provide new opportunities for bilateral cooperation."