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财务管理论文选题

CHENGDU: Halfway up the Longquan Mountain sits a tiny village where Fu Qing used to live with her parents.Each morning, the young girl would get up at 6:30 am and after breakfast, walk for 40 minutes along a winding mountain path to the nearest primary school.In winter, she would often become anxious toward the end of the school day, concerned she might not make it home before sunset.But these days, the 14-year-old no longer has to worry about long lonely walks on dark mountain paths.Along with 3,164 other children from Longquan Mountain, Fu now attends a boarding school in Chengdu's Longquanyi district. Exempt from tuition and lodging fees, each student also receives 130 yuan a month for meals and bus fares, and two new uniforms each year.The youngsters are all part of the Golden Phoenix Project, a pilot program that aims to provide better schooling for children from Chengdu's rural areas. Authorities in the Sichuan capital hope it will also better prepare them for urban life.Longquanyi covers an area of about 500 sq km, two-fifths of which is mountainous. About 60,000 people live in the mountains, most of them farmers.Fu's former primary school was in Chadian, a village located at the very heart of Longquan Mountain. It had just six classrooms and on rainy days, the roof leaked.Once the rain had stopped the students would have to repaint the blackboards with ink, which would get washed off in the downpour. And at the start of every semester, Fu and her classmates had to carry their desks and chairs to school, because there was no money to buy new ones.In the evening, Fu would make dinner for herself and her mother, who spent her days growing beans and fruit on the mountain. Fu's father worked at a construction site in Chengdu.The local government launched the Golden Phoenix Project in 2005 in a bid to bring youngsters like Fu down from the mountain and into middle schools in the towns.As well as providing them with financial support, the authorities allocated 160 million yuan for the construction of a boarding school, which, on its completion next year, will be able to accommodate 5,000 students.Fu is one of 1,840 students from mountain villages currently living and studying at the almost-complete school, which boasts 121 teachers, including 20 who act in loco parentis.And rather than having to repaint the blackboard after each downpour, Fu now enjoys computer studies and physical education classes when she gets to run on the rubberized athletics track, something she had never even seen before.The new school is helping provide Fu not only with an education, but also a real insight into urban living.Since she has been there, she has learned how to use a flush toilet, for example, and understand traffic lights.Her biggest dream is to finish her education and become an office worker in the city.Thanks to the Golden Phoenix Project, all middle-school-aged children from Longquanyi's mountainous areas attend boarding schools in nearby towns.The district government is now planning to spend a further 40 million yuan to establish similar schools for primary students.Zhou Jiping, head of Chengdu's education bureau, said: "The Golden Phoenix Project is just one of the efforts being made here to ensure the balanced development of urban and rural education."Children studying under the project often perform better than their peers from urban areas, he said.Over the past four years, local authorities have spent 1 billion yuan on the construction and renovation of 400 schools in rural areas. Rural students are exempt from tuition fees for compulsory education and from next year, they will also be provided with free textbooks."By doing so, we hope to give all kids in Chengdu a fair and equal start," Zhou said.

For the first time in 300 years, the renowned Shaolin Temple held a ritual on Thursday to initiate 600 believers into monkhood. On that same day, millions of monks and believers nationwide observed the Buddha bath festival which usually includes the washing of all statues of the Buddha. The ceremony used to be considered an official ritual to recognize a believer into true monkhood. Shi Yongxin, leader of Shaolin Temple and vice- president of the Buddhist Association of China, said that Buddhism in China has embarked on a "golden era" of development with a rapidly increasing number of believers. According to Shi, China has about 100 million registered religious believers, most of whom are Buddhists and Taoists. "They form an indispensable force to construct a harmonious society," he said. Shi said the ritual was suspended for 300 years because the altar where the ritual was held was destroyed. The 26-meter-high three-storey alter was restored last year at the temple, located in Dengfeng, Central China's Henan Province. The 600 Buddhists were selected out of 1,000 pious Buddhists nationwide. Shi said that only Buddhists who have passed a long-term inspection and are believed to have a "pre-destined lot" with Buddhism will be allowed to take the ritual and admitted by the temple. "Only Buddhists who practice Buddhism to a high level can be tonsured and allowed to take the ritual," Shi said. The ritual will last 28 days during which time the 600 monks will listen to doctrines, learn Buddhism rituals and manners in the temple. Both Buddhism and Taoism seem to be attractting more believers. An international forum on the "Daode Jing", a classic of Taoism, was held last month and lured 300 Taoists from around the world who wanted to explore the true essence of the classic text.

China kicked off an annual rural work conference in Beijing on Saturday to map out the country's strategies and policies for agricultural and rural development in 2008.China's rural development will continue to be one of the areas that top the government's agenda in the coming year, as stressed at the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) concluded in October.A recent CPC meeting urged continuing to modernize the agricultural sector to close the gap between urban areas and relatively underdeveloped rural regions in the coming year.The meeting called on to boost infrastructure constructions in rural areas, promote the steady development of agriculture, increase the income of farmers, ensure the basic supply of farm produce and improve the livelihood of rural population.It asked to establish a long-term mechanism for boosting the agriculture sector, continue to increase government investment on agriculture, give more support to the agricultural sector and boost grain production in 2008.Experts believed balancing inflation curbs and steady price hikes of farm produce for the good of farmers would be a key challenge for the Chinese government next year.Farm produce such as grain, meat and cooking oil, were major factors behind this year's soaring inflation.The Chinese government had pledged to modernize the agricultural industry and invest more money in the country's vast rural areas at the annual conference last year.The Party and government had annually devoted its first work document to rural development four times since 2004 to draw up a variety of preferential policies to support the rural sector. The move indicated that rural development was a top concern of the central government.This year's rural work conference is scheduled to last two days.

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HANGZHOU -- China needs to "free itself from conservative ideas" if it wants to further open the country to the world, a gathering of foreign affairs officials concluded at meeting held in East China's Zhejiang Province on Tuesday.Officials in charge of foreign affairs at both the provincial and municipal levels agreed on future policies to open up their respective regions wider to the world."We need to free ourselves from conservative ideas, seek new ways to expand economically and have culture exchanges with other cities and regions in the world," said a statement issued at the meeting.The officials agreed that foreign affairs departments at local levels were facing great challenges which also offer great opportunities. They discussed the ways to implement the guidelines of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in their foreign affairs work, the statement said.Opening wider to the world will contribute to China's drive to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects, realize peaceful development and create a harmonious world, it said.Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi also addressed the meeting on China's foreign policies and international relations.

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A leading Chinese trade union for journalists is considering action against a bogus "official" website for the organization. The website -- www.acja.cn -- runs genuine news industry information and links, as well as the emblem of the All-China Journalists Association (ACJA), the ACJA announced in Beijing Wednesday. "The fake website claims it is the website of the ACJA and uses the emblem of ACJA on their website," Gu Yonghua, ACJA party secretary said. "Under the name of ACJA, it even runs recruitment advertisements, carries advertisements and operates other business," Gu said. The fake website uses the abbreviation of the ACJA''''s English name as its domain name, while the genuine official website of the ACJA -- www.zgjx.cn -- uses the abbreviation of the Pinyin, phonetic Chinese name. "The fake website has several unhealthy links that impair the reputation of ACJA," claimed Gu. "The website has infringed on the rights of the ACJA," Gu said, warning Internet users to avoid the bogus site. The ACJA, formerly the China Youth Journalists Association, was founded in Shanghai on Nov. 8, 1937. The association, as a national association for Chinese journalists, has 223 local association members representing750,000 Chinese journalists. The genuine website for the ACJA was just opened in February. The fake website carries the claim that it opened 10 years ago and is planning to go public. It is linked to several media websites, including The People''s Daily and the Washington Post. Search engines like Google and Baidu are also on its webpage. However, the server and operators of the website are still unknown, sources with ACJA said. The ACJA was contacting the Ministry of Information Industry and other government agencies to identify the operators and servers and would take legal action against the website if necessary, said ACJA sources.

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China will undertake nearly 10 percent of an international fusion-research project to be implemented this year.The project is called ITER and wants to demonstrate the scientific and technical feasibility of fusion power - the energy of the sun or hydrogen bomb - for peaceful use."The project aims to find a shortcut to solve our energy shortage," Luo Delong, deputy director of the ITER China Office, said at the Oriental Science and Technology Forum held in Shanghai over the weekend.He said Chinese researchers will be in charge of producing various components of the project and escorting them into Cadarache in the south of France where the ITER's key equipment will be constructed.China will inject about one billion yuan (US7.5 million) into the project, accounting for nearly 10 percent of the overall ITER investment, officials said.Other partners in the project include the European Union, the United States, Japan, India and Russia.According to Zhang Jie, a fusion-power scientist of Jiao Tong University, researchers of universities in Shanghai, including Fudan and Donghua, are conducting fusion-related studies.China will further enhance its education in the area to lift the country's overall research power.The long-term objective of the research is to harness fusion nuclear energy to help meet the future energy needs of mankind, project officials said.The aim of ITER is to show fusion can be used to generate electrical power and do the preparation work to build and operate an electricity-producing plant.The key part of the project is to develop a viable fusion-power reactor.Scientists of ITER will test a number of key technologies, including the heating, control, diagnostic and remote maintenance that will be needed for a real fusion-power station, officials said.Local experts said fusion may produce dozens of times more energy than fission, which now directs most of the world's nuclear-power plants.Fission can only be caused by uranium. However, the resource to trigger fusion can be found in ordinary substances from the sea, they said.According to the Website of ITER, the overall construction cost of ITER is estimated at five billion euros (US.37 billion) over 10 years and another five billion euros are earmarked for the 20-year operation period.The ITER organization owns the ITER device and is responsible for all aspects of the project, such as licensing procedures, hardware procurements and operation.

China is tightening its grip once more on foreign investors in Chinese real estate, banning them from borrowing offshore in the latest effort to tame property prices and cool the economy. The new rule, set out in a circular from the State Administration of Foreign Exchange , could squeeze foreign investors who take advantage of lower interest rates outside China. Some may find it especially difficult to fund projects as Beijing has told its banks to cut back on loans for the construction industry. The central bank ordered Chinese banks to stop lending for land purchases as far back as 2003. "The only alternative is to fund the entire equity," said Andrew McGinty, a partner at the law firm Lovells in Shanghai. "But that's not a very favoured method, because your internal return on investment goes down dramatically." Property funds operating in China tend to borrow to fund at least 50 percent of a project's value. The circular, which the currency regulator sent to its local branches in early July but has not yet published on its Web site, also increases red-tape for foreign property investors. Investors seeking to bring capital into China to set up a real estate company must now lodge documents with the Ministry of Commerce in Beijing -- not just with local branches of the ministry, according to the new circular with de facto effect from June 1. That process could take a month or more, said an official at the Ministry of Commerce, declining to be identified. "What we mean is very clear: First we are targeting foreign real estate firms that are illegally approved by local governments," a SAFE official said. McGinty said the new rule would reduce foreign investment in the real estate sector, but the real impact would depend on how it is enforced. UNCERTAIN IMPACT China has applied a raft of measures to rein in property investment, including interest rate rises and rules to discourage construction of luxury homes. Some steps have specifically targeted foreign investors, who account for less than 5 percent of total investment in the property sector. Foreign investors must now secure land purchases before setting up joint ventures or wholly owned foreign enterprises in China. However, funds such as those run by ING Real Estate, Morgan Stanley , Hong Kong's Sun Hung Kai Properties , Henderson Land Development and Singapore's CapitaLand Ltd. are pouring more money than ever into China to tap a middle class hunger for new homes and rising capital values. China's urban property inflation rose to 7.1 percent in June, compared with a year earlier, from 6.4 percent in May. McGinty said some foreign investors may eventually quit China for more interesting markets if an inability to employ leverage reduces their internal rate of return. However, others said they would stay on. "We are not too worried about it. Cooling measures won't stay forever," said Robert Lie, Asia chief executive for ING Real Estate, which has raised a 0 million fund to build housing in China. ING Real Estate borrows locally, partly to hedge its currency risk. Most other foreign investors in China do the same. Some foreign property firms that have been in China for many years have strong connections with local lenders -- Chinese banks as well as international banks incorporated in China. "There is still strong interest in China, although there will be some form of slowdown in the number of transactions," said Grey Hyland, head of investment at Jones Lang LaSalle in Shanghai. He said the new approval rules would further dampen the ability of foreigners to compete with local rivals. "It's still early to say how, because these rules are still very new and being tested," Hyland said. One consequence, he added, could be to drive foreign property investors inland to second- and third-tier cities that the authorities are eager to develop and where approval is therefore easier to obtain.