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关于加强青少年素质教育的提案

BEIJING, Nov. 27 (Xinhua) -- Days after the United States announced to cut its carbon dioxide emissions by 17 percent from 2005 levels by 2020, China promised to slice carbon intensity in 2020 by 40 to 45 percent compared with 2005 levels.     The respective policy movements of both China and the U.S., the biggest two emitters in the world, won global attention, if not instant applause. The early signs of the concerted efforts could be sensed after the two countries, the biggest developed and developing economies, released a joint statement on Nov. 17 during U.S. President Barack Obama's first China visit.     The two sides, according to the joint statement, had a "constructive and fruitful dialogue" on the issue of climate change.     It also said that the two sides were determined, in accordance with their respective national conditions, to take important mitigation actions.     The policy announcements from the two countries came just as the international community was worried about a possible stalemate at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in December in Copenhagen, Denmark.     Although not required by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol for quantitative greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions cut, China, defined by the United Nations as a developing country, still puts a drastic slash of its GHGs emissions in the coming ten years, even at cost of lowering its own economic development speed.     Economists estimated that China might double its current gross domestic product (GDP) by 2020. A 45-percent reduction of carbon emissions per unit of GDP means China would emit slightly more carbon dioxide than current levels.     At the same time, the Chinese government voluntarily set "the binding goal," which is to be incorporated into China's mid- and long-term national social and economic development plans.     It's much more than a developing nation is expected to offer, out of responsibility of and sincerity to addressing the common challenge faced by the international community.     Held by the UNFCCC accountable for contributing most of the total global carbon dioxide emissions, which were assumed to warm the planet and consequently result in natural disasters, many industrialized countries dodged their responsibilities of cutting emissions to levels that meet requirements of the Kyoto Protocol and the Bali Roadmap.     The United States, in spite of announcing a meaningful emissions cut of 17 percent, still lags far behind what the UNFCCC requires developed countries to behave.     In the Sino-U.S. joint statement, the two sides were committed to reach a legal agreement at the Copenhagen conference, which includes emissions reduction targets of developed countries and appropriate mitigation actions of developing countries on the basis of the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities.     The U.S. and China also agreed substantial financial assistance to developing countries on technology development, promotion and transfer, which was largely invalid in the past years.     As China takes the lead to exemplify how a developing country, with the world's biggest population, could do to a better future of the world, it is now the developed world's turn to show their sincere care for a greener Earth.

SINGAPORE, Nov. 11 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese President Hu Jintao met here Wednesday evening with Singaporean President S. R. Nathan, with both exchanging views on further developing bilateral ties between the two countries.     President Hu said that as the two countries are to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations next year, China is ready to provide Singapore with a pair of pandas for joint research in a bid to further enhance the friendly feelings between the people of the two countries. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R, front), accompanied by Singapore's President S.R. Nathan (R, rear), inspects the honour guard during a welcome ceremony in honor of Hu in Singapore, on Nov. 11, 2009President Nathan said that China's decision to offer a pair of pandas to Singapore is an important symbol of friendship between the two peoples.     During the meeting with Nathan, Hu said the bilateral relations have witnessed rapid growth since the two countries established diplomatic ties 19 years ago.     The two sides have maintained frequent exchange of high-level visits and achieved fruitful cooperation in various fields, said the Chinese leader. Chinese President Hu Jintao (2nd L) and his wife Liu Yongqing (1st L) pose for a group photo with Singapore's President S.R. Nathan (2nd R) and Nathan's wife in Singapore, on Nov. 11, 2009. Expressing satisfaction with the good momentum in the development of bilateral relations, Hu said China attaches great importance to its relations with Singapore and is ready to deepen mutually beneficial cooperation, so as to make greater contribution to peace, stability and prosperity of Asia.     Hu emphasized that human resource is a key area of bilateral cooperation, to which both sides have always paid great attention.     Strengthening exchanges between the young people of both countries is conducive to the long-term and stable growth of bilateral links, he said.     Hu also briefed Nathan about the measures that China has taken to offset the impact of the international financial crisis and to maintain a stable and relatively rapid growth of the economy, as well as the effects of these measures.     Nathan warmly welcomed Hu's state visit to Singapore, saying the visit is of milestone significance in the development of the bilateral relations.     Under the current circumstances of rampant trade protectionism, China's success in addressing the challenge of the global financial crisis and maintaining a rapid economic growth deserves admiration and congratulation from Singapore, he said.     Nathan said that as the People's Republic of China celebrated this year the 60th anniversary of its founding, the great changes in China have brought about opportunities for the whole region and benefited every country in the region.     He said Singapore and China enjoy a close relationship as bilateral cooperation in various fields grow smoothly. Singapore hopes to further strengthen exchanges and cooperation with China in various areas such as economy and trade, tourism and education and to expand cooperation at local levels, he added.     Nathan said Singapore is also ready to expand cooperation with China in the area of human resource development.     Noting that Asia is frequently striken by natural disasters, Nathan said China has accumulated valuable experience in disaster relief during the severe earthquakes in Sichuan last year and in post-disaster rehabilitation for other countries to learn from.     Before the meeting, Nathan held a welcome ceremony for Hu.     President Hu arrived here Wednesday afternoon for a state visit to Singapore. This is the final leg of his two-nation Southeast Asia trip, which has already taken him to Malaysia.     During his stay in Singapore, President Hu will also attend the Economic Leaders Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) slated for Nov. 14-15.

BEIJING, Nov. 28 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao has urged unswerving efforts to improve the building of the Communist Party of China (CPC) to secure the Party's role as the steel core of the country's leadership.     Hu, also general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, made the call at a group study of the members of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on Friday.     With more than 75 million members and 3.7 million grassroots organizations, the CPC shoulders a tough task of Party building and management to lead the country's 1.3 billion people in economic and social development, Hu said.     To promote a democratic and scientific decision-making mechanism for the Party and government is a crucial task for the Party, he said.     In an era of great development and major transformation, Hu stressed, the CPC is facing long-term, complex and severe tests of challenges it would encounter as a ruling party in the process of reform, opening up, and implementation of market economy.     To improve Party building is also an urgent requirement of coping with the international financial crisis and maintaining the country's economic growth, Hu said.     He urged CPC organizations at all levels to promote organizational construction, improve regulations and fight against corruption.     The Party should also establish and improve an institutional system based on the Party's Constitution and the principles of democratic centralism...and ensure the Party's unity and strengthen the Party's vigor of innovation, Hu said.

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SINGAPORE, Nov. 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao and other leaders of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) member economies met Saturday to explore ways of countering the international financial crisis and reviving the world economy.     During the two-day meeting, the APEC leaders were to focus on the financial crisis, climate change, protectionism, supporting a multilateral trading platform, and advancing regional economic integration. APEC leaders exchanged views on "connecting the region" during the opening session. Chinese President Hu Jintao attends the 17th Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Economic Leaders Meeting in Singapore, Nov. 14, 2009    Chinese President Hu Jintao expounded on China's position concerning multilateral trading.     Hu said in his remarks that safeguarding a stable multilateral trading mechanism and advancing the Doha Round negotiations would help promote the openness of international trade, curb protectionism and revive the world economy. Chinese President Hu Jintao (2nd L) shakes hands with Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Tun Razak during the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Leaders' luncheon on Nov. 14, 2009 in Singapore. Such moves are of vital importance to all members, particularly the developing members, in countering the financial crisis, and conform to the common interests of all relevant parties, Hu said.     "We must be committed to our promises, strongly oppose trade protectionism in all its manifestations, be vigilant against and correct the 'invisible' protectionism acts in various forms, reduce and eliminate trade barriers, and solve trade disputes through dialogue and coordination, thus creating favorable conditions of the full recovery and long-term development of world economy," Hu said.     The Chinese president said China strongly supports trade and investment liberalization and facilitation and is committed to establishing a fair, open, equitable and non-discriminatory multilateral trading mechanism.     "China is ready to work with other members to play a constructive role and advance the Doha Round negotiations, on the basis of locking in the existing achievements and respecting the Doha mandate," he said.     "We are ready to speed up the settlement of the remaining issues and work for early comprehensive and balanced outcomes in the negotiations at an early date in order to achieve the goals of the development round," Hu said.     The Chinese president also made a three-point proposal to APEC for improving its cooperation efficiency:     -- To continue to promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, focusing on its own characteristics:     "Through meeting the Bogor Goals on schedule next year by the APEC developed members, the APEC will demonstrate its determination to advance trade and investment liberalization, and oppose trade protectionism," Hu said.     Such a move is of great significance to increasing confidence, expanding regional trade and pushing forward regional economic integration, Hu added.     China supports APEC in "meeting the Bogor Goals on schedule by its developed members" as its priority working agenda, and to advance it steadily, Hu said.     -- To increase input and advance economic and technological cooperation for more fruitful results:     Hu announced that China will allocate 10 million U.S. dollars to establish an APEC cooperation fund in China, to encourage and support relevant agencies and enterprises to participate in APEC economic and technological cooperation.     -- To reform and make innovations to inject new vitality to the APEC mechanism:     APEC should adapt itself to new situations, meet the challenges, and steadily advance its reform and structural construction, the Chinese president said.     Following the first-day session of the APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the Chinese president, together with other leaders of the APEC member economies, met with representatives of the APEC Business Advisory Council.     They exchanged views on opposing protectionism, promoting investment facilitation, climate change negotiations and advancing regional economic integration.     The two-day Economic Leaders Meeting is the culmination of this year's annual APEC meetings, which also include the ministerial meeting, senior officials' meeting and a business summit.     According to Chinese officials accompanying Hu, the Chinese president was to elaborate on China's stance on the battle against the financial crisis and the global economic recovery, China's position on the challenges posed by climate change, food and energy security, and China's views on APEC's future development.     Since APEC's inception in 1989, APEC's total trade has grown 395 percent, significantly outpacing the rest of the world. During the same period, the GDP (in purchasing power parity terms) in the APEC region has tripled, while the GDP in the rest of the world has only less than doubled.     APEC's 21 member economies are Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, China, China's Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Peru, the Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Chinese Taipei, Thailand, the United States and Vietnam.

BEIJING, Oct. 26 -- Delegations from more than 84 countries and regions will participate the ITD conference Monday, and a host of international experts from governments, the private sector and academia will make presentations and lead discussions on this important topic.     The ITD is a cooperative venture formed in 2002 and comprised of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, the European Commission and the UK Department for International Development.     Its purpose is to foster dialogue on important topics in tax policy and administration and to function as a disseminator and repository of information on matters of interest in taxation around the world, through its website, www.itdweb.org.     The IMF attaches great importance to its role as a founding member of the ITD. Recent events in the world economy have made even clearer the necessity of international cooperation and sharing experience in economic matters, and this is the very purpose, which the ITD serves.     The topic of this conference is a timely and critical one. The world has been reminded recently and forcefully of the great importance of the financial sector for macroeconomic stability, growth, and development goals. The sector plays a critical intermediating function - without it credit could not exist, capital could not be channeled to useful purposes and risks could not be managed.     The conference will take place against the background of the worst financial and economic crisis to strike the world in three generations, and, while taxation was not itself the cause of the crisis, elements of the tax system are relevant to its background and resolution.     Most tax systems embody incentives for corporations, financial institutions and in some cases individuals to use debt rather than equity finance.     This is likely to have contributed to the crisis by leading to higher levels of debt than would otherwise have existed - even though there were no obvious tax changes that would explain rapid increases in debt. Tax distortions may also have encouraged the development of complex and opaque financial instruments and structures, including through extensive use of low-tax jurisdictions - which in turn contributed to the difficulty of identifying true levels of risk.     The magnitude of the fiscal challenges facing the world economy is greater than at any other time since World War II.     Estimates done by IMF staff on the fiscal adjustment necessary to bring government debt-to-GDP ratios down to 60 percent by 2030 - over 20 years hence - show a gap in the cyclically adjusted primary balances of some 8 percentage points of GDP in advanced economies to be closed between 2010 and 2020.     This cannot all be accomplished by expenditure reduction. New, or increased, sources of revenue will need to be found, on average perhaps 3 percentage points of GDP. While improvements in compliance and administration could account for some of that gap, it will be necessary to adjust tax policies to a degree not hitherto seen on a wide scale.     Although the world economy remains weak with downside risks and much hardship remain, signs of improvement are thankfully now visible.     This is an opportune juncture, therefore, to begin the work of planning countries' exits from the deteriorated fiscal positions developed in response to the crisis, and to give thought to questions raised by the performance of the financial sector in triggering the crisis.     What role can better tax policies and administration play in preventing a recurrence of this costly episode in economic history?     The financial sector has been, and must continue to be, a critical link in the development of the world's economies. The sector has played a key role in accelerating the development of the emerging markets - many of which, prior to this most recent episode, had grown able to tap the world's financial resources at an increasing rate unparalleled in history.     And for the world's most vulnerable economies, continued financial deepening will be absolutely necessary to permit them to meet their development goals. The upcoming conference will consider the role of taxation in both the industrial and developing countries with respect to these goals.     The conference will address not only the role of the financial sector as a source of revenue itself, and its broader role in the development and growth of the world economy, but also its function in assisting in administration of the tax system-through information reporting, collection of tax payments, and withholding.     This latter role will become ever more important with growing international cooperation in fighting tax evasion and avoidance.     Finally, we must not lose sight of the main function of the tax system - to raise revenue in an economically efficient, non-distortionary, and administratively feasible manner.     Even fully recognizing the existence of both market failures and policy-induced vulnerabilities, including those that contributed to this crisis, it is important to avoid accidentally introducing distortions through the tax system that may prove worse than the evils they are intended to remedy.     "Neutrality" of taxation of the financial sector in this sense is a benchmark against which deviations from this objective may be measured and judged.     One must ask whether any proposed interventions are targeted at a recognized externality or existing distortion, and, if so, whether the proposed action is the most appropriate response. And the multilateral institutions, in particular, must look to the effects which the financial sector and its taxation may have not only on the world's highly developed economies-those with the greatest depth of financial intermediation-but at the effects, direct and indirect, on the world's developing nations.     International cooperation on these matters will be critical to making improvements that will benefit all of us. This week's important event, hosted by the Chinese government and organized by the ITD, is itself a model in this regard.

URUMQI, Nov. 2 (Xinhua) -- Police in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, northwest China, has stepped up crackdown on criminal activities to safeguard stability and public security.     The anti-crime action will be carried out across the region from the beginning of November to the end of the year, said a spokesman for the regional public security bureau Monday.     Local police will continue manhunt to nab suspects in connection with the July 5 riot in Urumqi, the regional capital. Meanwhile police will keep a close eye on clues and cases involving terrorism and explosions, said the spokesman.     The strike also targets criminal activities involving infringement of finance and properties and criminal activities threatening public security, the spokesman said.

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BEIJING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao said here Tuesday that China and the United States will start preparations as soon as possible for the second round of the China-U.S. Strategic and Economic Dialogue (S&ED) scheduled for next summer in Beijing.     China and the United States will continue implementing the agreements reached at the first round of the dialogue last July in Washington, Hu said in remarks to reporters after talks with visiting U.S. President Barack Obama.     The two leaders spoke positively during the talks of the importance of the strategic and economic dialogue mechanism in strengthening mutual trust and cooperation between the two nations, he said.     Both leaders believed that close high-level contacts and other dialogues and consultations at various levels are essential to the development of bilateral relations, said the Chinese president.     The two sides agreed to keep close communication through visits, phone calls, letters and meetings during multilateral events, Hu said.

SHARM EL-SHEIKH, Egypt, Nov. 9 (Xinhua) -- The 4th Ministerial Conference of the China-Africa Cooperation Forum (FOCAC) wrapped up in the Egyptian Red Sea resort of Sharm el-Sheikh on Monday, with the adoption of the Declaration of Sharm el-Sheikh and Sharm el-Sheikh Action Plan, defining new programs of cooperation between the two sides in the next three years.     The Declaration of Sharm el-Sheikh, the political document of the conference, sets forth the guiding principles of China-Africa cooperation, reflects the views and consensus of both sides on major international and regional issues and China-Africa relations, and expresses the hope to strengthen China-Africa cooperation under the new circumstances. Foreign ministers from China and African countries present at the end of the Fourth Ministerial Conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in the Egyptian Red Sea resort of Sharm El-Sheikh on Nov. 9, 2009. The Fourth Ministerial Conference of the FOCAC closed on MondayThe adopted Sharm el-Sheikh Action Plan (2010-2012) puts forward the guidelines, main objectives and specific measures for China-Africa cooperation in priority areas in the next three years.     The two documents have been adopted after many rounds of consultations between the two sides, which reflected the collective wisdom and common vision in developing China-Africa relations, said Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi in the closing ceremony of the 4th Ministerial Conference. Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi (L) and Egyptian Minister of Foreign Affairs Ahmed Abul Gheit present at the end of the Fourth Ministerial Conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in the Egyptian Red Sea resort of Sharm El-Sheikh on Nov. 9, 2009.

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BEIJING, Oct. 27 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping on Tuesday urged efforts to reinforce Party building at grassroots organizations so as to give full play to the Party's leading role in building civilized and harmonious neighborhood.     In a meeting on the study and implementation of the Scientific Outlook on Development, Xi urged members of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in city's neighborhood committees to promote local development and safeguard social stability. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (2nd L), also member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau, speaks at a symposium on the study and implement of the Scientific Outlook on Development in Beijing, capital of China, on Oct. 27, 2009Xi, also member of the Standing Committee of CPC Central Committee Political Bureau, said neighborhood committees played a significant role in dissolving social conflicts and promoting social and economic development in urban areas.     Party members at grassroots organizations should find out people's complaints and help solve their problems, and do practical things for them, he said.

SHANGHAI, Nov. 16 (Xinhua) -- United States President Barack Obama is to meet with Shanghai Party chief Yu Zhengsheng on Monday and have a dialogue with Chinese youths afterwards before heading for Beijing in the afternoon. A girl presents a bouquet to U.S. President Barack Obama after he arrives at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on Nov. 15, 2009Obama arrived in Shanghai Sunday night to start his four-day state visit to China, his first trip to the country since taking office in January.     The China visit is one leg of Obama's Asian tour, including state visits to Japan and the Republic of Korea and attending a summit of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC).